Educational Manifesto – 2020

Back in May, in what seemed like the middle (but was actually early days) of a pandemic, I switched schools. That seems (and seemed, even at the time) insane, but it was the first chance I’d seen in years to move to my dream district. It was a very, very good move.

I tried to revise my educational philosophy before I applied, but I felt so stuck. Distance teaching, especially in those early months, challenged many of my core beliefs both practically (how can you get half the room talking with a turn and talk when Google Meets didn’t offer breakout rooms?) and philosophically (what role does memorizing plot details take on when students are facing serious illness of loved ones, parents’ loss of income, housing and food insecurity, etc.).

Fast forward to December, eight months into distance teaching, this time with a whole new district, curriculum, schools (yes, plural), grade level (7th in addition to 10th), and kind of class (collab English). I need to buckle down and do the big-picture work, so I signed up for the Curriculum Rehab online course.

For the first module, I assessed my core beliefs and created a teaching manifesto. This still feels like a work-in-progress, but I like what I have so far.

I’m happy with the three quotes I’ve included, which are things I often think about in life and especially in teaching English. In particular, I’m glad that I was able to include the Paul Saffo quote, which I encountered via Stanford professor Bob Sutton back when I was an editor on a business management website.

Looking back at that original post, this lengthy quote from Sutton’s post stood out to me (emphasis added):

A couple years ago, I was talking the [Palo Alto Institute for the Future’s] Bob Johansen about wisdom, and he explained that – to deal with an uncertain future and still move forward – they advise people to have “strong opinions, which are weakly held.”  They’ve been giving this advice for years, and I understand that it was first developed by Institute Director Paul Saffo.  Bob explained that weak opinions are problematic because people aren’t inspired to develop the best arguments possible for them, or to put forth the energy required to test them. Bob explained that it was just as important, however, to not be too attached to what you believe because, otherwise, it undermines your ability to “see” and “hear” evidence that clashes with your opinions.

— Robert I. Sutton. “Strong Opinions, Weakly Held” posted on his Work Matters blog.

Finding the Right Incentive to Get Students Reading

One of the trickiest issues for English teachers, at least for English teachers who want to foster a love of reading in their students, is how to asses it. Many teachers advocate the no assessment approach, choosing instead to conference frequently with students. I would love to someday be that kind of teacher, but alas, at this point in my career, I need a system that works.

At my previous school, our independent reading program for sophomores was based on number of pages read per week. (College prep students were required to read 50pp./week, and honors students, 100pp./week. That was a challenge, to put it mildly, for many of our students.) This had its plusses and minuses. Students could choose a mammoth book like Game of Thrones or It and plug away at it all semester (or longer, if need be) rather then feeling the pressure to either finish it in one grading period or switch to a book they could finish in one grading period. But assessment was a challenge. A few of my colleagues used a combination of one-on-one book talks with students and page logs. When I realized that the teacher who made the most effective use of book talks also had three volunteers helping her out during the week, I realized that I needed to take a different approach.

I had to come up with incentives for each element of the reading program:

  • Pages read
  • Whether the student actually read those pages
  • What the student got out of the reading

So, after looking at a few different teachers’ approaches, I borrowed heavily from Dinah Lee, and created a three-tiered approach:

Each assignment was worth 20 points, so if a student fell somewhat behind in pages read, but really understood and loved their books, the overall independent reading grade wouldn’t take too much of a hit. We’d use occasional class time and our A+ Academic Intervention period to read our independent reading books and add to our reading notebooks so that everyone would have SOMETHING in there. Further, the final creative projects were designed so that there were options if you didn’t finish the book yet.

Overall, the system was a bit complex, but worked fairly well for readers and aspiring readers. I was continually impressed by the work my students submitted in their reading notebooks, and over the course of the year, I saw them grow as thoughtful readers.

(As a side note, maybe someday I’ll write a post about my super awesome/borderline insane book log system that used Doctopus, Google Sheets, and many, many advanced formulas to pull student data into a master spreadsheet. This made grading a breeze and prevented me from ever having to look at the individual book logs.)

Upping My Index Card Game for Distance Teaching

Sample name index card

On the first day of school when I was student teaching, my mentor teacher leaned toward the class, and said, conspiratorily, “This may be the most important question you answer this year. What color?” and showed them five index card colors. The class chose, everyone got an index card, and they were instructed to write the name they wanted him to call them on one side and decorate the other side.

I’ve used this trick, with slight variations, ever since. (I assign colors to match the dividers in my teacher binder — lame, I know, but it helps me stay organized.) I use the index cards to create random groups, to cold call on people to read or participate, and, one year, to let a pretty impressive though amateur magician in my class show off his prolific card-handling skills, which served me great in the past as I like card games like the ones you play in casinos, although now I only play online in the wild tornado casino here.

Over the summer, I read Dave Stuart’s post “A Simple, Powerful Tweak on the First Day of School Index Card Activity.” Basically, Stuart added a prompt to his regular index card activity: Describe the person you want to be someday. Here, Stuart wasn’t looking for a goal or career, but how the student wanted to be remembered. When he’d look at the cards, he’d be constantly reminded of the person that this student was striving and working on becoming. I loved that.

I added that prompt to my first-day-of-school questionnaire (a combination of Laura Randazzo’s You Are Here worksheet and Jennifer Gonzalez’s Student Inventory. I do mine on Google Forms, so I can print out the results, read them over and highlight them.

Yet I still really really wanted the index cards. My school is 100% distance learning right now, so I knew I was going to have to use Autocrat to create them from the survey rather than have the usual handwritten, hand-illustrated variety. But then I had a brilliant idea! Since I was pulling the data from my survey anyway, I added these fields:

  • Preferred name (in giant font)
  • Full name
  • Preferred pronoun
  • 3 words that describe you
  • 2 things that make you happy
  • Dave Stuart’s question

I created the index cards, did some light editing to make sure all the info fit on a card, and printed them all out on my rarely used Canon Pixma. (Another epiphany: Photo printers make great index card printers because they are designed for smaller paper sizes! My Pixma did a great job running all 30+ cards in my classes.)

The result, index cards that I can use to randomly call on people to increase engagement in distance learning and that remind me of the interesting, multifaceted, dreamer of a human whom I am calling on.

Here’s my index card template, if you want to do the same thing. (It should force you to make a copy.)

Digital Dividing Lines

One frustration that I personally and selfishly have had with online teaching is that, four years in, I had FINALLY developed a pretty solid toolbox of instructional strategies. Then COVID-19 came, and it was like someone dumped all those out and I was a credential student again — well-versed in what I wanted to achieve but ill-equipped in the tools required to achieve it.

One of my go-to strategies my first two years of teaching was Dividing Lines. I read a statement, if you agree with the statement, move over to the windows; if you disagree, move to the doors. Share why you chose your position. It works well because it is a visual indicator of how many people take one position versus another. It gets students out of their seats and moving around (something I am not normally good at doing), and it invites some good debate.

The visual indicator and good debate are the parts we can easily keep with distance learning.

My new district uses Zoom (my old district used the less fully featured Google Meet), and the other day, I used the “yes” “no” buttons to digitally recreate dividing lines. I revised my statement into a yes or no question. Students click “yes” or “no,” and Zoom automatically tallies the number of votes on each side, so you can still quantify the different sides (and, in fact, do it with a degree of accuracy). And you can still call on “Someone from the ‘yes’s,’ why did you choose that?” Or say, “We had five no’s,” and then read the list of names (each student’s vote appears next to their name in the Participants’ list) to encourage accountability.

The downside, of course, is that we lost the kinesthetic part: students stay in their seats and are unwilling to get up (for example, to move to one side of the screen vs. the other). But this distance learning era of education is an era of compromise. I feel that we teachers have been thrust back into the position of beginning teachers: trying to first identify ANY tools that work reliably before we can be more discerning about the best and most effective tools for our students in our class this year. This is one technique that will do for now.

Teacher Resolution: Get Organized

I’m sure most normal teachers use Winter break to relax and avoid thinking about school. I relaxed, for sure, and did many, many fun things with my family. But I also use these breaks for big-picture thinking. Here are two things that have been running through my mind:

  • These “Top 5 Organizational Hacks for Teaching High School” need a better descriptor than “top” to show how awesome they are. I have gone back to this post repeatedly over the past few years, and every time I get something new to try from it. Here are three of the things I took from this post and how I use them:
    • The BGT: Mine is brown. The top two shelves are for my two English preps, and I label them Today, This Week, and Next Week. I store all my handouts in there, binder-clipped together, so I’m all set for the day.
    • Black Binder: I use her approach to setting up my grading pages (check mark=turned in, then put in the grade). I also geek it out further by putting on time grades in blue or black ink, late grades in green or purple. Once I enter the grade into PowerSchool, I highlight it in yellow. If it gets entered in after the original batch, I highlight it in orange. It sounds complex, but before I did this I really struggled with tracking late work. Oh, and I have a dollar-store 3-ring binder pencil case with the pens and highlighters I need (decorated with washi tape, so they don’t get mixed in with my other supplies).
    • Table bins for materials: Last year, I created annotation boxes for my students because far too many didn’t have basic supplies like highlighters, etc. Also, I was using Marisa Thompson’s TQE discussion approach and AVID techniques, which involve reviewing and annotating notes. The boxes worked brilliantly. Since I am 60% this year, I moved classrooms to share with another teacher. She has art boxes, with colored pencils, scissors, glue sticks, and other supplies. Even better! Now, when students work on a project or have to engage in a special task, I have students distribute the appropriate boxes, and everyone has the supplies that they need.
  • The 40-Hour Teacher Workweek Club: All my good organizational and productivity ideas come from Angela Watson’s thorough online class/club. Not only are here materials well-organized and focused on results, but she also links to great blog posts (such as the one above) that have helped me make immediate improvements — big and small — to the daily teaching tasks. After my year in the program, I reduced my work time and regained a significant bit of my sanity. I am in the graduate program now, and although I still work too much, I use the materials at least monthly to work better or to refocus my time on the aspects of my job (and life) that really matter. Angela is offering a fast-track 6-week version of the club that I was very tempted to sign up for.

The Best Yearbook Signing Pen

My yearbook staff is considering selling signing pens this year at our distribution event, and I, being the detail-oriented person I am, decided that we needed to figure out which pen will smudge the least and look the best in a yearbook.

In case you haven’t signed a yearbook in a while, the coated stock that’s used for yearbook pages is meant to make photos look great. However, it makes most inks smear. If you have the patience to let the ink dry, it’s no big deal. But for left-handed writers or middle- or high-school students (i.e., a yearbook’s target audience), that whole waiting part is not going to happen. Think about what it’s like when you buy the perfect greeting card, then as soon as you write your name, it smears right off, leaving a blue mess where your heartfelt message once was. Now, imagine if you paid $100 for that card. And held on to that card for, say, 50 years. You don’t want to see smudges. You want to read memories.

So a few of my fellow pen-obsessed yearbook staffers and I dug through our pencil cases and tried the pens we had on hand on a signature page in one of our old yearbooks. We wrote the name of the pen, the word “wait,” then “immediate.” I immediately ran my finger over “immediate” to see the smear situation lefties might run into. After waiting a few seconds, I ran my finger over the word “wait.”

One Pen to Rule Them All

As you can see, the clear winner is the Sharpie Ultra-Fine Point. In a previous test, the red Sharpie smudged more than the black did, but in this one, they fared equally well. Gel pens, the favorite among artistic or otherwise pen-aware students, were clear losers. Even the quick-drying InkJoy (my beloved InkJoy!) took too long to dry.

Also in a previous test, the Uniball was a clear second place, but it smudged more here. Maybe we waited longer in the first test. We tested the Pigma Micron, which is archival, previously, but it smeared too much to bother repeating the test here. The “blue pen” is probably a Jot pen, but the name has worn off and my Art Director is no longer certain.

Since we have had an increase in graffiti on campus, we’ll probably go with the Uniball. But it would be really cool to sell Sharpie Ultra Fines in our school color…

The semicolon that could really mess with Texas (as we know it)

Malcolm Gladwell devotes the first episode of Season 3 of his Revisionist History podcast to the significance of one semicolon in the U.S. Constitution. I doubt that the argument would hold up in court (there has to be legal precedent about how that semicolon has been interpreted over the years — right?), but it’s an interesting look at the potential impact of one errant piece of punctuation on the makeup of the Senate and our 50-state (or should it be 54-state?) union.

Further reading:

Texas’s Republican Party learns a difficult lesson in subject-verb agreement

Subject-verb agreement can get tricky in complicated sentences. Yet if you make an error, you can end up saying something you didn’t really mean. The Texas Republican Party recently adopted their 2016 platform, which, thanks to an error in subject-verb agreement,  includes an admission that homosexual behavior is ordained in the Bible and has been “shared by the majority of Texans.” I don’t think that was the intended meaning.

See the NPR story for a copy editor’s correction.